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Antonin Raymond (1888-1976)

An architect who left behind many outstanding works based on the principles of modernism in postwar Japan and had a great influence on Japanese architects.

He is one of the three great masters of modern architecture. His works are characterized by geometric decoration and flowing spatial compositions, following the trend of modernism. He is also known for collecting ukiyo-e prints and being a Japanophile, and he contributed to the development of modern Japanese architecture.

An architect active in both Japan and the United States, born in Bohemia (now the Czech Republic). After the end of World War I, he was approached by FL Wright about coming to Japan to design the Imperial Hotel, and came to Japan with Wright in 1919.
After World War II, he returned to Japan in 1947 to survey the proposed dam construction site. He co-establishment U.S. Corporation Pacific Consultants Inc. He left behind many outstanding works based on the principles of modernism in postwar Japan.

I will never forget the night of my arrival in Japan, December 31, 1919, as I drove from Yokohama to Tokyo through narrow villages still reminiscent of feudal times. Pine and bamboo trees, adorned with New Year's decorations and lanterns, lined both sides of the village roads, created an atmosphere of cheerfulness and simple joy. Shops were open to the street, and sellers and buyers alike sat sociably, sipping tea and holding their hands over braziers. Young people in colorful kimonos crowded the middle of the road, indulging in various joyful seasonal pastimes, barely able to move our car forward. It was during this unforgettable journey, which took three and a half hours and covered fifteen miles, that I began my first study of Japanese architecture. It was then that I realized that what we call modern architecture is a set of architectural principles that were unconsciously practiced, kept alive, and observed in Japan, and that we are merely consciously trying to recover knowledge of those lost principles.

(A. Raymond, translated by Hiroshi Misawa, "Principles of Japanese Architecture," in "Me and Japanese Architecture," published by SD Selections, Kajima Publishing Co., Ltd.)

A. Raymond's achievements

Tadami River Dam Field Survey

One day after the war, one of his former close friends, Takayoshi Shiraishi, wrote to him asking if he could come to Japan to inspect a dam, given Japan's need for hydroelectric power. In 1947, he directly contacted General Douglas MacArthur, the Supreme Commander, to express his desire to visit Japan. MacArthur replied that "Raymond's architectural achievements in Japan are highly regarded as historic," and he was finally granted permission to visit.
(Hiroshi Misawa, "The Architecture of Antonin Raymond," published by Kajima Institute Publishing)

Shiraishi and I met with Yoshida Shigeru several times in his private office to discuss the measures and significance of the master plan.
I arrived in Tokyo with Eric Flor at the end of October 1949. Our first order of business was to visit General MacArthur, brief him on the Okutadami route, and ask his opinion on the state of Okutadami, the feasibility of building a dam there, and on the preparation of a scientific report based on Flor's investigations... The General wore an open-collar shirt and held an unlit, empty pipe in his right hand. He invited us to sit down and listened patiently to our opinions. At times he would disagree on the issues, but judging by them, it was clear that he was well versed in the engineering problems we faced. He approved of the task and instructed us to assist him.
(Hiroshi Misawa, "The Architecture of Antonin Raymond," published by Kajima Institute Publishing)

Tadami River Dam Field Survey

One day after the war, one of his former close friends, Takayoshi Shiraishi, wrote to him asking if he could come to Japan to inspect a dam, given Japan's need for hydroelectric power. In 1947, he directly contacted General Douglas MacArthur, the Supreme Commander, to express his desire to visit Japan. MacArthur replied that "Raymond's architectural achievements in Japan are highly regarded as historic," and he was finally granted permission to visit.
(Hiroshi Misawa, "The Architecture of Antonin Raymond," published by Kajima Institute Publishing)

Shiraishi and I met with Yoshida Shigeru several times in his private office to discuss the measures and significance of the master plan.
I arrived in Tokyo with Eric Flor at the end of October 1949. Our first order of business was to visit General MacArthur, brief him on the Okutadami route, and ask his opinion on the state of Okutadami, the feasibility of building a dam there, and on the preparation of a scientific report based on Flor's investigations... The General wore an open-collar shirt and held an unlit, empty pipe in his right hand. He invited us to sit down and listened patiently to our opinions. At times he would disagree on the issues, but judging by them, it was clear that he was well versed in the engineering problems we faced. He approved of the task and instructed us to assist him.
(Hiroshi Misawa, "The Architecture of Antonin Raymond," published by Kajima Institute Publishing)

Pacific Consultants, Inc. establishment

While working on the Tadami River development project, a deep mutual understanding developed between Eric Floor and the members of the Tuesday Society. "Japanese engineers are excellent. Let's do consulting together. In the near future, there will undoubtedly be a situation in Japan and the Orient where consulting engineers are needed. I think it would be wonderful to be able to provide American-style consulting at that time," Floor appealed to Shiraishi Muneki and Hirayama Fukujiro.
On the other hand, members of the Tuesday Society, especially Hirayama Fukujiro, had long had a deep knowledge of consulting engineers and had been advocating that the introduction of a Western-style consulting engineer system was an urgent need for the development of Japanese technology and Japan itself, so this offer was a welcome opportunity for them.
In September 1951, U.S. Corporation Pacific Consultants Incorporated was established. This was the birth of the predecessor of today's Pacific Consultants Co., Ltd. Pacific Consultants Incorporated was Headquarters at 129 South State Street, Downer, Kent County, Delaware, USA. capital stock at $3,000. It was an American-owned company with equal investments from Muneki Shiraishi, Eric Flor, and Antonin Raymond.

("Pacific Consultants 25-Year History" published by Pacific Consultants Co., Ltd.)

A. Raymond Profile

  1. Born in Kladno, Bohemia

  2. Graduated from Prague University of Technology

  3. Cass Gilbert, New York

  4. Studied under F.L. Wright and worked at Taliesin

  5. He came to Japan with Wright and worked on the construction of the Imperial Hotel.

  6. Tokyo office closed

  7. Inspection survey of the Okutadami River

  8. Raymond Architectural Office Co., Ltd. establishment in Azabu

  9. Reader's Digest Tokyo Branch receives Architectural Institute of Japan Award

  10. Awarded the Order of the Rising Sun, Third Class, Gold Rays with Neck Ribbon

  11. Died in New Hope, Pennsylvania

*Created from Hiroshi Misawa's "The Architecture of Antonin Raymond" published by Kashima Publishing


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